What Trump’s Income Tax Plan Means for the Economy and Your Wallet

When President Trump shared that he was considering instituting a policy of tariffs that would lead to the elimination of the federal income tax during his last presidential campaign, it may have seemed economically far-fetched to many financial experts. However, from behind the desk in the Oval Office, it seems he’s looking to keep some of the promises he made.

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From tariffs to the Big Beautiful Bill, many economic factors are coming home to roost. While the idea of eliminating income taxes sounds appealing to a lot of people, here’s what replacing those taxes with tariffs could mean for the economy and your wallet.

What Are Tariffs and How Do They Work?

A tariff is a tax that is levied on imported goods. It is typically used to increase the cost of foreign-made products, particularly those that come from countries that have significantly lower labor and materials costs, or those that allow unfair trade practices.

The effect of a tariff is to level the playing field for domestic companies who keep jobs local and are subject to the labor laws of the United States. Tariffs are paid to the U.S. government before foreign goods can be brought into the country. The additional cost incurred by the foreign manufacturer would then be passed on to the consumer in the form of a higher retail price.

Read Next: Trump Wants To Replace Income Taxes With Tariffs: 2 Impacts on the Middle Class

Trump’s Tariffs So Far

The Trump administration has been working on implementing a series of tariffs on imported goods. Here are a few key takeaways on the situation as it currently stands:

• The Trump administration introduced a 25% tariff on all steel and aluminum imports from around the world, which resulted in Canada and the EU introducing new tariffs of their own in return on U.S. goods. Some fear this could spark a global trade war costing billions of dollars.
• Though there are some exemptions, Trump has also imposed 25% tariffs on imports from Mexico and Canada.
• Tariffs targeting goods from Canada, China and Mexico linked to fentanyl production remain in effect, despite a court challenge. President Trump has threatened to impose International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) tariffs on Canada, Mexico and China related to fentanyl; national security tariffs on autos, auto parts, steel and aluminum from all countries; and IEEPA tariffs on all countries related to an economic national emergency at a baseline rate of 10% with scheduled increases for more than 50 trading partners later in 2025.
• The current baseline reciprocal tariff rate is 10%, but Trump has recently announced plans to raise it to 15 to 20%, yet this threat has yet to come to fruition.
• Tariffs on Chinese goods were raised from 104% to 145% in April 2025, marking the highest rate so far this year.
• Trump has implemented reciprocal tariffs aimed at equalizing trade relationships that will be in effect as of August 1, 2025.
• Though not enacted, Trump has also threatened a 200% tariff on alcohol from EU countries unless those countries remove the 50% tariff on American whiskey.

Story Continues## The Impact of an All-Tariff Plan

If all imported products coming into the United States had increased tariffs, there would be short-term and long-term impacts. The short-term impact would be that prices would rise on all imported goods. Consumers could opt to either pay the higher price for the imported product or choose a domestic product, which would also typically have a higher price than the pre-tariff imported product.

No matter which choice the consumer makes, the price they would pay would be higher than the previous price of the imported product. So, overall prices will rise.

The longer-term effect would be a reduction in the quantity of foreign goods imported into the United States. The law of supply and demand tells us that when prices go up, demand goes down and this, after all, is the goal of the tariff — to reduce imports. There will be fewer imported goods available in the United States, which could also drive up prices overall.

The Impact of Substituting Tariffs for Income Taxes

The concept of replacing income taxes with the revenue from tariffs also has short- and long-term impacts. In the short term, the ‘all-tariff’ plan would act as a consumption tax — a sales tax on steroids, if you will. Because the cost of a tariff is passed on to the consumer, and consumer prices will go up, consumers are paying more for everything they buy.

This type of consumption tax affects lower-income consumers on a disproportionate basis. People who spend a higher percentage of their income on necessities — housing, utilities, food, clothing, etc. — would pay a higher amount in tariffs, relatively speaking. Those who spend less on necessities, or who earn income from investments, would pay less.

On a longer-term basis, the intended effect of a tariff is to reduce the amount of imported goods. So, the all-tariff plan might eliminate the need for income taxes in the short term, but if it works as intended, it should bring in less money over time. The current income tax system in the U.S. is designed to bring in more money over time, as incomes rise.

Keeping Up With the Joneses Under an All-Tariff System

Tax-weary consumers might think that replacing income tax with tariffs would be a good thing for them. The truth is, it will benefit the wealthy far more than the lower and middle classes.

Here’s an example. Two families, the Smiths and the Joneses, each have the same monthly necessary expenses, except for their mortgages, of $6250, which adds up to $75,000 a year. (We’ll exclude their housing costs from this exercise, since housing wouldn’t be affected by a tariff.) The Smiths have an annual income of $150,000, which barely covers their expenses. The Joneses, on the other hand, have an annual income of $300,000, which allows them to easily cover expenses and put some money into savings. So, the Smiths are paying a higher percentage of their income on necessities.

Under a tariff-only plan, each family would pay the same amount — they have equal monthly expenses excluding housing, so the increase they would see from tariffs would be the same. Yet the Joneses have double the annual income of the Smiths.

Under the current progressive income tax system in the United States, a family earning $300,000 per year would pay more than a family making $150,000 a year. Replacing the income tax system with a tariffs-only system turns this on its head and shifts the burden from higher-earning households to those that earn less.

As appealing as eliminating federal income taxes might sound to middle- and lower-income taxpayers, an all-tariff system would benefit the wealthy to a far greater degree.

Caitlyn Moorhead contributed to the reporting for this article.

Editor’s note on political coverage: GOBankingRates is nonpartisan and strives to cover all aspects of the economy objectively and present balanced reports on politically focused finance stories. You can find more coverage of this topic on GOBankingRates.com*.*

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This article originally appeared on GOBankingRates.com: What Trump’s Income Tax Plan Means for the Economy and Your Wallet

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